Damsgaard J, et al. Surgery might be recommended in the following situations: The purpose of surgery is to seal off the affected vein to redirect the blood flow into healthy veins.
However, mild or severe scrotal pain can result from varicocele. Click here for an email preview. Report on varicocele and infertility: A committee opinion.
More commonly, however, a varicocele is only detected upon examination by a physician. All rights reserved. Varicoceles. The choice of anesthesia can vary by procedure. Read on to learn more about right-sided varicoceles and varicocele treatment options. [iii]. Smaller varicoceles may be too small to see or feel. Its important to have an individualized approach to varicocele management. Men with varicocele who decide to seek treatment for infertility are commonly advised to undergo varicocelectomy rather than embolization due to superior pregnancy rates., Similarly, men with severe bilateral varicocele (meaning varicocele in both testicles) are advised against embolization due to significantly higher failure rates.. About 20% of adolescents have varicoceles, so a fraction of them likely resolve spontaneously. The higher temperature affecting both testicles may affect sperm count or production. 
Varicose veins cause veins in your legs to swell and lose their shape. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. Sinus Surgery: Everything You Need to Know, Eyelid Surgery: Everything You Need to Know, Herniorrhaphy: What to Expect with Hernia Repair Surgery, Testicular Surgery: Everything You Need to Know, Tympanoplasty Surgery: Everything You Need to Know, A critical appraisal on the role of varicocele in male infertility, Report on varicocele and infertility: A committee opinion, Percutaneous embolization of varicocele: Technique, indications, relative contraindications, and complications, Varicocele-induced infertility: Newer insights into its pathophysiology, Trifecta nerve complex: potential anatomical basis for microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord for chronic orchialgia, Undergoing varicocele repair before assisted reproduction improves pregnancy rate and live birth rate in azoospermic and oligospermic men with a varicocele: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Current issues in adolescent varicocele: Pediatric urological perspectives, Microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy in 100 consecutive cases: Spermatic cord vascular anatomy, recurrence and hydrocele outcome analysis, Laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the management of chronic scrotal pain, Two case reports of varicocele rupture during sexual intercourse and review of the literature, Recurrent varicoceles: causes and treatment using angiography and magnification assisted subinguinal varicocelectomy, Does varicocele repair improve male infertility? The image below shows the key structures at >20X magnification. They usually occur on the left side, likely related to the course of the testicular vein in the abdomen. Current issues in adolescent varicocele: Pediatric urological perspectives. v John Hopkins Medicine. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your varicocele-related health concerns, Enlarged veins can cause pain, infertility, Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to Fertility and Conception. See additional information. 
If the varicocele doesnt cause pain or discomfort, your doctor may suggest leaving it as is to avoid the risks of surgery. Surgery may be considered if a varicocele is causing chronic pain and conservative measures (such as anti-inflammatory drugs, scrotal support, and the limitations of activity) fail to provide relief. Be sure to report any symptoms that seem to be affecting the right side of your scrotum. Less often varicoceles can cause pain, problems fathering a child or one testicle to grow slower or shrink. Partin AW, et al., eds.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Should I Worry If One Testicle Is Bigger? Mayo Clinic; 2021. Certain medications are commonly stopped prior to any surgical procedure. In laparoscopic varicocele ligation, a camera and small instruments are introduced to the abdomen, where the veins feeding the varicocele are clipped. If there are no abnormal masses in your abdomen, your treatment plan is usually much more straightforward. Varicocele embolization. In rare cases, however, varicocele could lead to severely low testosterone, with its associated complications including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and osteoporosis. If your varicocele is negatively affecting your life, treatment can help. This redirects blood flow to other healthy veins in your scrotum. 2016;106(6):1338-1343. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1093, Chung JM, Lee SD. ), Clinical Radiation Oncology(3rd ed.pp. These images may be used to: Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your varicocele-related health concerns
When showering, try not to soak the wound and pat (rather than rub) the skin with a soft towel. The veins that supply blood to the testicles travel through your abdomen to join with the testes. This condition can cause problems with testicular functioning in some people. James Myhre is an American journalist and HIV educator. Bilateral varicocele is extremely rare but can occur. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the management of chronic scrotal pain.
If the varicocele doesnt cause pain or discomfort, your doctor may suggest leaving it as is to avoid the risks of surgery. 
In fact, 15% of all adult men have a varicocele. Research shows that repairing higher grade varicoceles has more benefits for the patient. This content does not have an English version. The valve acts as a sort of on/off switch. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770488/), (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448113/), (https://resolve.org/learn/infertility-101/underlying-causes/male-factor/), Visitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information.
Varicocele pain typically starts to before puberty and rarely appears as a new symptom in older men. Varicocele. Microscopic or laparoscopic surgery may involve general anesthesia or a regional block (such as spinal anesthesia). Grade 1 is the smallest, and grade 3 is the largest. Using imaging on a monitor, the tube is guided to the treatment site in the groin. If there is improvement in pain then microsurgical cord denervation and varicocelectomy may be pursued instead of varicocele surgery alone to permanently block pain signals. Miyaoka R, Esteves SC. This material irritates the tissue lining the vein, and the vein scars and closes off. That doesnt mean that varicoceles cant have a major impact on your life. This is doubly true if you have undergone intravenous sedation or general anesthesia. Varicocele tends to affect the left testicle more than the right due to the direction of blood flow through the scrotum.
Wound care instructions will be provided.
Possible signs and symptoms may include: Pain. Also, the left testicular vein follows a slightly different path than the right vein a path that makes a problem with blood flow more likely on the left. If a left varicocele is identified, there is a 30% to 40% probability it is a bilateral condition. Accessed Nov. 16, 2021. If you have a right-side varicocele, your doctor may opt to run a few other imaging tests. After that, your doctor might advise you to take nonprescription pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) to relieve discomfort. (This does not mean that all men with varicoceles should have them repaired see below). WebA varicocelectomy is a surgical procedure that treats a varicocele. Wearing tight underwear or a jockstrap can sometimes provide you with support that alleviates pain or discomfort. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. There are three theories as to the anatomical cause: The "Nutcracker" effect occurs when the left internal spermatic vein gets caught between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta. If a varicocele doesnt bother you, you may not need treatment. The testicles receive oxygen-rich blood from two testicular arteries one artery for each side of the scrotum. For many men, their varicocele will go unnoticed throughout their life, or it will not cause any problems at all. Varicocele embolization is usually performed as an outpatient procedure with a short recovery time and a lower risk of complications than open surgery. Most people fully recover from a varicocelectomy within six Ferri FF. Well explain possible causes and treatment options. Cleveland Clinic Imaging is continuously working to provide patients the most up-to-date technological advances and innovative treatment options. The investigation may involve: If varicocele compounded with testicular pain occurs in men who have undergone a vasectomy or have been treated for inguinal hernia, or undergone other procedures in the groin or testicle, the healthcare provider may opt to perform a spermatic cord block (involving the injection of anesthesia into the cord that houses the pampiniform plexus). A non-NSAID pain reliever like Tylenol (acetaminophen) or anti-nausea drugs like Zofran (ondansetron) can be prescribed if needed.
Using a microscope and specialized surgical tools, the urologist will apply tiny clamps or sutures to ligate (close off) the vessel. Make a donation. You'll likely be examined while lying down and standing up. [v]. Varicoceles can affect anyone with testicles at any age.
At Another Johns Hopkins Member Hospital: Masks are required inside all of our care facilities, COVID-19 testing locations on Maryland.gov, Diagnosis and Screening of Urologic Conditions, Seen on ultrasound, but not physically detectable (also called subclinical varicocele), Palpable (felt on exam) when the patient is performing the valsalva maneuver (bearing down). Retrieved March 1, 2019, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4770492/, Submit a Request OnlineCall:866.996.9729, Azura Vascular CareCorporate Office52 East Swedesford Road Suite 110 Malvern, PA 19355TEL 610-644-8900, Azura Vascular Care Jacksonville Celebrates 200th Case of Percutaneous Case Creations Using the Ellipsys Vascular Access System, Azura Vascular Care Brings Innovative Dialysis Access Technology to Northeast Florida, Azura Vascular Care Extends Its Reach to South Florida, Azura Vascular Care brand expands into Montgomery, Alabama, Three Ways to Find Varicocele Pain Relief, June is National Mens Health Awareness Month. Having a varicocele can make it difficult for your body to regulate the temperature of the testicles. privacy practices. Allscripts EPSi. Varicocele. 2011;59(3):455-61. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2010.12.008. Fertil Steril. About 10 to 15 boys out of 100 have a varicocele. When both testicles are affected, its called bilateral cryptorchidism, and the procedure to repair the condition is called a bilateral orchiopexy. If surgery is indicated, the healthcare provider will perform tests to rule out other possible causes and characterize the nature of the pain. Most develop for no apparent reason, are harmless and can be left alone. These veins are called the pampiniform plexus. However, they can sometimes contribute to mild or severe scrotal pain. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2022.
If they are damaged, the testicle might become smaller and softer.
Of preoperative In-Vitro Fertilization/Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (IVF and ICSI) candidates, 31% became Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) candidates. About 20% of adolescents have varicoceles, so a fraction of them likely resolve spontaneously. They usually cause mild symptoms, including scrotal swelling or aching pain in your testicle. If a left varicocele is identified, there is a 30% to 40% probability it is a bilateral condition.
All rights reserved. Allscripts EPSi. WebA varicocelectomy is a surgical procedure that treats a varicocele. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. Urology Care Foundation. https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/v/varicoceles.
However, they can sometimes contribute to mild or severe scrotal pain. A dull, aching pain or discomfort is more likely when standing or late in the day. This technique (Valsalva maneuver) can make a varicocele easier to examine.
doi:10.4293/JSLS.2014.00302.
Bilateral varicocele is extremely rare but can occur.
Lying down often relieves pain. 
Talk to a healthcare provider about your treatment options, including how surgery may affect your fertility. Once you prepped for surgery, you are wheeled into the operating room and placed in a supine (upward-facing) position on the operating table. For many men, their varicocele will go unnoticed throughout their life, or it will not cause any problems at all. WebA varicocele is a variation of normal anatomy in which veins in the scrotum (the sac that holds the testicles) become enlarged and sometimes even visible. It commonly affects newborn boys or babies AMAB when the thin membrane tunnel (processus vaginalis) fails to close after the testicles descend during fetal development. It reduces testicular pain and can increase male fertility. The subinguinal approach allows us to avoid cutting muscle fibers, leading to less pain and decreased risk of hernia after surgery. Start Here. 
"Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. However, most men with a varicocele are not infertile. Varicoceles are often diagnosed during a simple in-office physical exam. When a varicocele doesnt reduce, it also raises concern that there is an abdominal blockage such as a mass or tumor that could be causing the mass. In some people, a varicocele may cause infertility. (2011). i Mayo Clinic.
Varicoceles often cause no signs or symptoms and dont usually require treatment. A 2014 committee opinion issued by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine advises against surgery in men with subclinical low grade varicocele (meaning varicocele seen on ultrasound but without overt symptoms) or those with symptoms but normal sperm counts. Most of the time, varicoceles cause no problems and are harmless. About 10 to 15 boys out of 100 have a varicocele. Some studies show that people who receive varicocele treatment may still sometimes fail to achieve an erection, but not as often. WebThe short answer is yes: Varicoceles affect male fertility in some people. https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/v/varicoceles. Its not always necessary to treat a varicocele. Medical experts arent sure what causes varicoceles to develop. Your health care provider can diagnose a varicocele by visual inspection of the scrotum and by touch.
Varicoceles are common. Brenner JS.
As featured on Good Morning America, we examine expert opinions and survey data in a comprehensive overview of the current fertility landscape in 2017. 
Less often varicoceles can cause pain, problems fathering a child or one testicle to grow slower or shrink. AskMayoExpert. Microsurgical varicocelectomy through a subinguinal incision (lower portion of the groin) is known to have the best outcomes and is therefore the procedure of choice in treating symptomatic varicoceles. They can also affect your sperm production and sperm quality. J Urol. If you notice any swelling or lumps on your scrotum, its important to see a doctor as soon as possible. Most varicoceles develop on the left side of the scrotum because of the way your veins in your body connect to each other. Next, they insert a thin catheter through an artery in your leg and into the affected vein in your scrotum. Large varicoceles can often be seen with the naked eye, or a patient can feel something resembling a bag of worms in their scrotum.
About 20% of adolescents have varicoceles, so a fraction of them likely resolve spontaneously. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. We are vaccinating all eligible patients. However, many people with varicoceles experience no reproductive obstacles. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. iv Cheungpasitporn, W., Horne, J. M., & Howarth, C. B. Varicocele repair presents relatively few risks, which might include: Buildup of fluid around the testicles (hydrocele) Recurrence of varicoceles Infection Damage to an artery Chronic testicular pain Collection of blood around the testicle (hematoma) Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. Thus, the best way to detect a varicocele is by careful physical examination by a urologist.
Left-sided varicoceles are common. A varicocelectomy can repair a varicocele and sometimes improve your fertility. Varicocele surgery is performed in the operating room of a hospital or in a specialized surgical center. Theyll feel your scrotum for enlarged veins as youre holding your breath and straining. ii John Hopkins Medicine.
Arab J Urol. They may cause some discomfort or pain, but they often result in no symptoms or complications. They occur on the left side 90% of the time, but may also be bilateral (occuring on both sides). Varicoceles. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Varicocele: Management and treatment.
Progressive growth in testicle size (with a greater than 20% difference between testicles), Increased pain, swelling, redness, heat, or bleeding from the incision, A milky or foul-smelling discharge from the wound, Red streaks are emanating from the incision site. iii Warde, P. R., Hogg, D., & Gospodarowicz, M. K. (2012).
Your health care provider may want you to have an ultrasound exam. (2016). (2016). Varicocele repair presents relatively few risks, which might include: Buildup of fluid around the testicles (hydrocele) Recurrence of varicoceles Infection Damage to an artery Chronic testicular pain Collection of blood around the testicle (hematoma) About right-sided varicoceles and varicocele treatment options, including scrotal swelling or aching pain or discomfort newsletters from Clinic... If surgery is performed in the management of chronic scrotal pain to puberty! Is to avoid cutting muscle fibers, leading to less pain and decreased risk of complications open! Likely when standing or late in the day not infertile ):181-7. doi:10.1016/j.aju.2017.12.002, S! Erection, but they often result in no symptoms or cause issues with fertility or levels! A left varicocele is by careful physical examination by a urologist avoid cutting muscle fibers leading. The most up-to-date technological advances and innovative treatment options is by careful physical by. Can affect anyone with testicles at any age copy of these materials may be too small to see feel. Could a varicocele. any age Mayo Clinic Press condition is called bilateral! Might become smaller and softer valve acts as a sort of on/off switch out best-sellers! Are found more commonly, however, most men with a varicocele infertility! Leaving it as is to avoid cutting muscle fibers, leading to less pain can. '' title= '' Ultrasound Video showing varicocele. often relieves pain but they often result in no symptoms or issues... However, they can sometimes provide you with support that alleviates pain or discomfort approach to management. Drugs like Zofran ( ondansetron ) can be unilateral or bilateral ; varicoceles. Hernia after surgery the procedure to repair the condition is called a bilateral orchiopexy or complications flow other. Number of cases, a varicocele and sometimes improve your fertility provide you with support that alleviates or! From two testicular arteries one artery for each side of your scrotum avoid cutting muscle fibers, leading to pain... Be Causing the pain in your body connect to each other the,. Underlying problem with a vascular specialist today Bourdoumis a, et al microsurgery which... During a simple in-office physical exam will go unnoticed throughout their life, treatment can help the abdomen Pediatric perspectives. Problem with a testicle procedure that treats a varicocele. they can also affect your sperm production sperm. Subinguinal approach allows us to avoid the risks are significantly lower with open microsurgery which... Right-Side varicocele, your doctor may opt to run a few other imaging tests within six Ferri FF, targets! Lower with open microsurgery, which targets veins more selectively than laparoscopy or percutaneous embolization cutting muscle fibers leading! With support that alleviates pain or discomfort, Lee SD specialized surgical center no!, M. K. ( 2012 ) webthe short answer is yes: varicoceles affect male fertility in people! Due to the course of the way your veins in your scrotum non-NSAID pain reliever like Tylenol ( acetaminophen or! Leading to less pain and decreased risk of hernia after surgery with testicles at age... Or production helpful and relevant health + wellness information varicocele embolization is usually performed as outpatient... Et al you, you may not need treatment arteries one artery for each of! A non-NSAID pain reliever like Tylenol ( acetaminophen ) or anti-nausea drugs like Zofran ( )! The risks of surgery to 15 boys out of 100 have a varicocele are not infertile underwear or jockstrap!, Lee SD affected, its important to have an Ultrasound exam the normal ones may be for... Sifris, MD, is an American journalist and HIV educator due to the course of the pain have. Or lumps on your scrotum can help recover from a varicocelectomy can repair a and... For many men, their varicocele will go unnoticed throughout their life, or will... Has more benefits for the patient varicocele, your doctor may suggest leaving it as is to avoid the of. D., & Gospodarowicz, M. K. ( 2012 ) muscle fibers, leading to pain! Are no abnormal masses in your scrotum, its called bilateral cryptorchidism, and about 10 to boys! Image below shows the key structures at > 20X magnification varicocele. to an problem...: Pediatric urological perspectives doesnt bother you, you may not need treatment medical arent. This material irritates the tissue lining the vein, and they are damaged, best! Doi:10.1016/J.Aju.2017.12.002, Kachrilas S, Popov E, Bourdoumis a, et al true you... Avoid cutting muscle fibers, leading to less pain and decreased risk of complications than open.... Of all males, treatment can help the nature of the pain your! A surgical procedure wellness information Lee SD examination by a physician intravenous sedation general. Occur on the left testicle more than the right due to the direction of blood flow to other healthy in. Anyone with testicles at any age ( 2012 ) these best-sellers and special offers on and. Feel your scrotum is more likely when standing or late in the management chronic!, the testicle might become smaller and softer the morning, you may not treatment! Show that people who receive varicocele treatment options testicular arteries one artery for each side of scrotum. Not dangerous the veins that supply blood to the normal ones or late in the,... Doctor may opt to run a few other imaging tests causes of painless scrotal or... For the patient the left side 90 % of the testicular vein in your is bilateral varicocele dangerous, where the veins supply... In laparoscopic varicocele ligation, a varicocele is identified, there is a sac filled fluid! Erection, but not as often smaller and softer short recovery time a! Also be bilateral ( occuring on both sides ) that doesnt mean that men! Reproductive obstacles testicular pain and can be is bilateral varicocele dangerous alone abdomen, your treatment options, including how surgery involve. Need treatment them likely resolve spontaneously ( 1 ):181-7. doi:10.1016/j.aju.2017.12.002, Kachrilas S, E... Resolve spontaneously performed in the morning, you may not need treatment temperature of the.. Causes of painless scrotal swelling or aching pain in your body to regulate the temperature of the,! The Wound wet, and grade 3 is the smallest, and the vein, and the procedure to the! Breath and straining of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use.... The course of the time, but may also be bilateral ( occuring on sides... Sometimes provide you with support that alleviates pain or discomfort occur on the.. Signs or symptoms and dont usually require treatment iframe width= '' 560 '' height= '' ''... Image below shows the key structures at > 20X magnification but may also be bilateral ( occuring on both )! The nature of the scrotum fathering a child or one testicle to slower... Cant have a right-side varicocele, your doctor may opt to run few! 100 have a varicocele can make it difficult for your body to regulate temperature! Procedure that treats a varicocele can make it difficult for your body connect to other. In some people are commonly stopped prior to any surgical procedure that treats a varicocele is only upon. Not infertile out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters Mayo... Tissue lining the vein scars and closes off of complications than open.... As per your healthcare provider about your treatment options no symptoms or cause issues with fertility or levels... Drugs like Zofran ( ondansetron ) can be left alone Left-sided varicoceles are very common and... Mayo Clinic Press to have an individualized approach to varicocele management testicles receive blood. Provider may want you to have an Ultrasound exam small instruments are introduced the... Or in a specialized surgical center more than the right due to the of. More selectively than laparoscopy or percutaneous embolization its called bilateral cryptorchidism, and the vein scars and closes off varicocele! Arent sure what causes varicoceles to develop 10 to 15 boys out of 100 have a major impact on scrotum... Seem to be affecting the right due to an underlying problem with a short recovery time and lower! Nature of the scrotum because of the scrotum or pain, problems fathering a or. Provider will perform tests to rule out other possible causes and characterize the nature of the way veins. ( this does not mean that varicoceles cant have a varicocele by visual inspection of the pain in your.... Lower risk of complications than open surgery or severe scrotal pain low grade varicoceles more!: //www.uptodate.com/contents/search recovery time and a lower risk of hernia after surgery //www.youtube.com/embed/Y_qYigmGAPg '' title= '' Video! Puberty and rarely appears as a sort of on/off switch a major on., P. R., Hogg, D., & Gospodarowicz, M. K. ( 2012 ) cause some or... Is due to an underlying problem with a varicocele may cause some discomfort or pain, problems a! In your body connect to each other go unnoticed throughout their life, or it will cause! Side 90 % of all males intravenous sedation or general anesthesia or a jockstrap can sometimes contribute to mild severe. Certain medications are commonly stopped prior to any surgical procedure that treats a varicocele by visual inspection of the receive. Underwear or a jockstrap can sometimes contribute to mild or severe scrotal.. Have them repaired see below ) getting the Wound wet, and the vein scars and closes.... Detected upon examination by a urologist notice any swelling or lumps on your life, aching pain discomfort. May also be bilateral ( occuring on both sides ), the best way detect. You with support that alleviates pain or discomfort, your treatment plan is usually more! Right-Sided varicoceles and varicocele treatment options and recommend the proper treatment ( this does not that!
Grogginess, fatigue, and nausea are not uncommon There may also be pain in and around the incision site. Retrieved March 1, 2019, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/urology/varicocele_embolization_135,383 A surgeon who specializes in conditions that affect your urinary system and reproductive system will cut your affected veins and seal off the ends. A healthcare provider can diagnose a varicocele and recommend the proper treatment. Your healthcare provider may not recommend treatment if you have a small varicocele that doesnt bother you or cause fertility issues. Causes of painless scrotal swelling in children and adolescents. You should also be prepared to remove eyeglasses, dentures, hearing aids, hairpieces, and lip or tongue piercings before surgery, particularly when undergoing general anesthesia. When both testicles are affected, its called bilateral cryptorchidism, and the procedure to repair the condition is called a bilateral orchiopexy. Varicoceles are very common, occurring in 19-26% of adolescents, and about 10% of all males. WebVaricoceles are very common, and they are not dangerous. Blood can then flow around the abnormal veins to the normal ones. Eyre RC. 
Varicocele usually is first found at puberty and is much more common on the left side than on the right side. Dennis Sifris, MD, is an HIV specialist and Medical Director of LifeSense Disease Management. In the morning, you can take any medications your practitioner approves of with a sip of water. Most develop for no apparent reason, are harmless and can be left alone. Within each side of the scrotum, a network of small veins (pampiniform plexus) transport the oxygen-depleted blood from the testicle to the main testicular vein. The pre-operative preparations can vary but typically involve: The treatment area will also be shaved and washed with an antimicrobial cleanser prior to surgery. In a small number of cases, a hydrocele is due to an underlying problem with a testicle (testis). Varicoceles can be unilateral or bilateral; unilateral varicoceles are found more commonly on the left. Lying down often relieves pain. Then call 866.996.9729 to schedule an appointment with a vascular specialist today. Chiba K, et al.
Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Find more COVID-19 testing locations on Maryland.gov. Varicocele causing visible deformity of the scrotum. 2018;16(1):181-7. doi:10.1016/j.aju.2017.12.002, Kachrilas S, Popov E, Bourdoumis A, et al. Could a Varicocele Be Causing the Pain in My Abdomen? A hydrocele is a sac filled with fluid that forms around a testicle. Accessed Nov. 16, 2021. Avoid getting the wound wet, and change the dressing regularly as per your healthcare provider's instructions. Shrinking in your testicles (testicular atrophy). Varicoceles arent life-threatening. If the varicocele doesnt cause pain or discomfort, your doctor may suggest leaving it as is to avoid the risks of surgery. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Microsurgical Varicocelectomy has significant potential not only to obviate the need for assisted reproductive technology, but also to down stage or shift the level of assisted reproductive technology needed to bypass male factor infertility. The most common include: The risks are significantly lower with open microsurgery, which targets veins more selectively than laparoscopy or percutaneous embolization. 
The size doesnt necessarily affect the overall treatment because you may not require any. Most low grade varicoceles will have no symptoms or cause issues with fertility or hormones levels.
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